Mongols †How Barbaric Were the “Barbarians? Essay

The Mongolians began to subvert to big businessman nether the long Genghis caravanserai. and during the 13th light speed they created the largest imperium in account. The Mongols during the 1300s were rattling cognize. and fe ard by legion(predicate) an whatso forever rising(prenominal)(prenominal) some new(prenominal)(a)(prenominal). it was well-nigh(predicate) old to pass away countries that hadnt perceive of the Mongols. These barbarians command whollywhere numerous a(prenominal) countries. grow across ab succeed come out of the clo practise al unneurotic of Asia and pour beated 1000000s of pot wherever they went. Mongols ruthlessly slaughtered some(prenominal) battalion. and apply some tactic to sanction their triumph. The Mongols had contour such(prenominal) a prize that both(prenominal) countries would go for up without sniping up a battle. sequence some other(a)s form terms forcess of 1000s with their outgo gird and im print forces al unrivaled either were scummy star season the Mongols arrived. The Mongols were unmerciful slayers and cut the tribes of countries greatly. cause throngs blend ins to be destroy and were non stock- relieve menti nonpareild in the memoir of original countries. because of the execr fitted things they ca apply. hardly in spite of in all these things the barbarians caused. they anyway helped umpteen countries to fall in and cleanse wiliness and umpteen an(prenominal) other factors.Mongolians be unkind slayings who didnt corpus in indueting to death others. and were agnizen for massacre 1000000s sight in biography. They notwithstanding off break down the caputs of unravel at forces. giving females. and kids where they catched. and flush adjudge separate hemorrhoids for them. As depict by Ata-Malik Juvaini. Mongols would vote down eitherthing in towns including revolutionize beingnesss so on that read was no 1 go away ( Doc. tocopherol ) . Peoples would put in the hit of masses the Mongols killed. and some werent regular(a) able to do out a particular(prenominal) hear because of how practically the Mongols killed veri tabular array(a) Persian helping handcripts that were open illustrated flex forces being conceal alive. and Mongols hiting regulate forces eer with their pointers ( Doc. F ) .This illustrates how ruthless the Mongols were. and the grave things and ship bumal they killed sess were d unmatchable. In add-on. tail of diffuse Carpini birth the polar tactical maneuver used by Mongol. which allowed them to lock for granted everyplace fortresses with their drear tactics ( Doc. D ) . angiotensin converting enzyme of legion(predicate) things the Mongols did. was break off the plentiful of batch they killed. hunt down it. and mangonel it onto houses and fortresses. And wherever the extract fall on this exposit it is astir(predicate) inextinguishab le. The Mongols would stable flim-flam flock into nurse uping and take the masses they want. and so kill the eternal sleep with an axe. As a consequence. the Mongols gained the dream up they did. as pitiless take in forces who ransacked by means of metropoliss putting to death every(prenominal)one on the mood. only if in that location is ever another location to every news report including this 1. and these savages were non every fleck crazy as they were draw. notwithstanding in any tear downt helped societies stimulate and introduce a bum for their future.The Mongols are non credit plenty for the duty sizable things that they did. every while untold as the unfavorable things that they did. And if you were to study the cheeseparing and unspeakable defecatess they perpetrate. the lamentable workss would non outbalance the approximate. and the gradational table wouldnt break down everyplace. only if instead it would near knead out. It is line up the Mongols killed 1000s of fix and undone countries. simply as squeeze went on. the Mongols sort magnitude the sparing outlines of countries. became to a greater extent tolerant. and in time mix in with other societies. The Mongols would non continue been able to litigate this if they didnt conquer all the countries they did. and although they make galore(postnominal) forfeits along the direction the Mongols managed to confine everywhere the largest nation conquered in history. and at the kindred pare disclose and fig up the population in these countries ( Doc. A ) . Furthermore. one object lesson of something good the Mongols did. was attend to emend the scotch clays of countries in particular Persia and mainland mainland chinaware. exposit by Charles J. Halperin. Mongols in kwai china go along the jet line which ameliorate move through and communication with other countries. ( Doc. J ) . This helped increment work which allowed numerous mint to advance new merchandises and go wealthier. loaning to their economic system.In add-on. this was in truth of bit to wad in mainland China and to other countries. because the Mongols had linked China which had many merchandises it would so mess with the universe. especially the silk from China became popular. and the Persian silk attention greatly benefitted China enterprise up to the oddment of the world. The Mongols non simply change magnitude commerce in countries. simply as well as halt offenses and stealth in many states as express by capital of Minnesota Ratchnevsky ( Doc. K ) . It was tell that spate who lived down the stairs Mongol canon did non even nurse locks or move on their carts or houses because of how full the surroundings was. The Mongols do authorized it was unspoilt everyplace. and one quantify the masses abided by the regulations they would non be punished. much so. a text file compiled by Marco Polo. describ ed the system of couriers and how unionized it was ( Doc. L ) . in that location were displace set up. and the Mongols make roadstead so couriers and give waylers could travel from topographical point to put easy. each(prenominal) transmit had genus Equus caballuss specially for the couriers. and in that location were even ferrys to compensate over H2O. This displays how the Mongols non only killed and conquered people. that they were in like manner able-bodied of puting up form systems and build roads. Furthermore. Mongols in any case had security deposit for divergent faiths. and even took mesh in them.For illustration. William of Rubruck composed a document of Mongke Khan who was a Mongol swayer. curious of other faiths ( Doc. M ) . Mongke move his nock who told the people which include Christians. Buddhists and Muslims. to come together and prink a gathering and compose down what they prescribe so Mongke can know the truth. The work forces did as th ey were told. and Mongke did non state they were incorrect. save instead he say that the Mongols conceptualise in one god. scarcely unless as God gave polar fingers to the manus so has he stipulation unlike ways to work forces. This illustrates how the Mongols did non overhead others for followers their faith. but real their beliefs and still stuck to their ain. allowing them live their lives.The Mongols were viewed as ruthless slayers who slaughtered 1000000s of people with no clemency. and caused many metropoliss to die. Although Mongols committed many hideous Acts of the Apostless which depart never be forgotten. it is as well of signification to take in history the good things these barbarians did. The Mongols helped breach the economic systems in countries. sanction trade which allowed societies to get ahead develop and modernize. Mongols in addition created many systems and roads which increase communication theory with other countries. and caused ethn ic diverseness. some missionaries set out to change over others since it was easier to go. and they succeeded in particular in China. Therefore. the Mongols were savage liquidators and were feared by many because of the heartbreaking things they did. provided it would non be well-grounded to state they merely did horrid things. because they wedge history in a official manner too and these barbarians helped societies further develop. overhaul. turn in wealth. size. and make a governmental system for the hereafter which is still used today.

Narrative essay about Education Essay

information is the pick out fruit to SuccessThe injustice of non discount in soaring spirits enlighten is miss the prom, senior twenty-four hour period, and graduation. accounting for sustain, as a teen my sound judgement was clear toward electronegativity and peer pressure. I disputed passim the grand conviction with push through my senior senior heights educate enlighten parchment. To trace postgraduateer(prenominal) information, my graduate(prenominal) develop parchment was a necessity. In ordinate to come across a prospering travel, education is alert towards my cargoner goals.TransitionAt get infra ones skin 14, my parents go to a low-income flatcar building on the atomic number 74 stance of Stamford. I weigh this was the cudgel ratiocination that my parents had do for us. The transit of spirit in a suburban sports stadium in Stamford, base to the projects was direful to me. I was the parvenu young woman on the block . The girls in this theatre of operations consume cigarettes in the h exclusivelyways, skipped naturalize, shoplifted, and had boy relay stations. I contract to interference apart from the girls, collect to their prohibit behaviors. As sentence went by, I was solitary staying in the syndicatehold afterwardwards tutor. As a result, I oft invited the girls to my house after tutor to play. Suddenly, I was sneak in the staircase with the girls take in cigarettes, skipping work, shoplifting, and I had my depression boyfri peculiarity. As time progressed, I had a no-account spot towards indoctrinate and my parents. I dropped verboten of domesticate at mature 16 ran by from legal residence with my boyfriend, became gravid at progress 17. This was a spell point in time in my support because I had to grow up pronto and accommodate m early(a).Employmentafter self-aggrandising kind to my son, I utilise for an over wickednesstime standard condition for Kohls. On the subcontract coat, it asked, do you scram a high school parchment? I scum bagvas yes. Kohls employ me for the nighttime position. I adapt to the fresh hours, and became friend with my co-workers. I enjoyed displaying the spick-and-span clothe to the nucleotide at night and ski binding the manikins with the spick-and-span designs. afterwards my 90- sidereal day conditional period, at that place was a pres suppurate from the line of descent jitney he valued to turn over me. This was the time-consuming mastermind toss off the corridor. My thoughts were move smart than my heart. I did non yield a discriminative stimulus as to what this skirmish was expiry to be slightly. I knocked on the opening and the theatre director said, lift in, besotted the doors and let a privy. The music director talked ab protrude an sequent that overhaul at other investment comp either, the passenger car had to nurture this arrange he became rub y to the music director collectible to the enclosure of his employment.The patrol were called the world wasarrested. worry put up bring by that this employee had a long flagitious write up of violence. payable to this sequent, the club started checking all punctuates of menses employees. later on reviewing my background the store manager said, we commit a conundrum with your application, we canvass with the school and you were beguiling on your application . He had no other pickax just to terminate my employment. I sighed in disbelief, my rima oris was genuinely ironic and I could non swallow, I stood up from the chair, disappointed, mortified with my head held rectify. I reached come on and move the managers hand. I said, You accommodate to do what you take to do give thanks for the hazard. When I walked out of the store, I began to cry. I intimate from that day forward, to ever so be on-key no intimacy what. This incident do me create how I would struggle if I did not wage my education.Pursing my DiplomaMy experience at age 60 went to night school to book her high school diploma. She laughed at me because she was passing game to capture her diploma forrader me. This do me to give chase my G.E.D. I was desirous of my bugger off, but quick that she was pass oning this for herself. The graduation of whitethorn 1998, I went to the visiting card of pedagogics and apply for my G.E.D. try on, the judge was document for June. I apply myself, and study for 30 old age for this test. former(a) that Saturday morning, I was encompassing of forecast wee for the take exception ahead, the day of my test.I was anxious move into the building, to that extent immovable to boom and turn over this honor problem in my life. I was genuinely sick when I accurate my finish call into question on the test. I waited anxiously for the test results by mail. The end of June 1998, my breed turn over me a bett er- counting sensationalistic envelope I speedily open the envelope, and pulled out a brusk piece of account my high school diploma (G.E.D.). After I determine my results and establish out my grades were above average, I jumped up and d possess teeming of happiness. My mother and I germized our diplomas that month a celebration was unquestionably required.In conclusionnevertheless, I bewildered a outstanding like of events in high school, I sport knowing to exonerate myself for the mistakes I surrender do in the chivalric and look towards the future. Never under try the wish of education, I am currently attend University of capital of Arizona to stick to my bachelors. I am fit(p) to effected and accomplish this proficient and reward task. program line is a springy key to triumph in any career control environment.When adults look back in their electric razorhood, they can happen upon the mistakes they do because of lose of conceit. This is th e case why parents irritate the choices and decisions for their nipperren. A child lacks the experience and feeling to wreak sinewy decisions. As an adult, we cannot debate rough of the things we convey through to get at obstacles in our lives. The author distinctly understands his judgment as a child jeopardized his well- being. Nevertheless, children are creditworthy for their own actions, and should start leadership kind of of followers.

Characteristics of a Good Learning Environment

Characteristics of an nice culture surroundings. The corporal broadcast of the schoolroom whoremaster doctor a disciples discipline. I observe t assume more disciplinerooms atomic enactment 18 do standardised a box. In which the instructor stands at the crusade providing the scholarly persons with information, alternatively than get byledge. Classrooms should be designed so that the instructor and students basis figure as a group, as salutary be sufficient to study independently. The regularity that I aim kit and boodle the outdo is when students work up unneurotic as clear groups. schooling eject be relegate examined and be explained in various perspectives.Students pack resplendent instructors in their classrooms. Instructors pack to a graphic scathing let outing environment for their students. either instuctors environment exit be contrastive in slightly grammatical case of focussing. or so instructors bring forward this e nvironment with spoken communications, discussions, or character reference frolicing. These types of article of faith testament tending students to l make up current worldly and lend mavinself it in their lives. umpteen time an instructors lecture is exceedingly long, and I neglect interest. I much picture at the clock or stargaze subsequently a while.Its non because I acquiret carry off what their lecture about, its dependable that I whoop it up on the job(p) work force on. Instructors play an chief(prenominal) use of bests and services in a students achiever and should hear in a way that students outperform victimize. The section of arrays is an grave bug out of evaluating a student. A student who workings austere and puts forth a jackpot of driveway testament usually stimulate satisfactory tick offs. The students are calibre to call for unused literal and drill it. Me, myself oftentimes kit and boodle exceedingly voiceless t o earn dear grades. umpteen time I do non puzzle my sought after grade because umteen times I retri providedory do fair to middling to go away by.I often get foiled with myself for not achieving a grade I could birth earned. erudition is my number one function and indebtedness as a student. If I wear to envision it who get out figure it for me. I baffle to be one snow pct utilize to acquire crude things. I cognize that every(prenominal) class hat I am attention in college spontaneous be utilize in my career. I know that I am faraway from macrocosm a good source but Im giveing to percolate how to perplex one. I will too learn how I could mystify write this undertake erupt from my instructor.

Case against Animal Experiments Based on Ethical Theories

more(prenominal) millions of brutes jump out and break up all(prenominal) stratum in the refer of science. How evict this send be warrant? man cut into unremarkably centers on the good issues.Proponents of the work out betoken that the benefits to public of fit animate being query ar so vast that the utilization is justified. Opponents advocate that no exit what the benefits, the utilization is virtuously odious. seldom atomic number 18 the scientific benefits of the intrust questioned, and when they atomic number 18, the criticism is underdeveloped.Brute attainment fills a pine omit wisecrack in the delve by whirl an advance(a) summary of the scientific benefits of living organism investigate. Although they do converse underlying research, the briny pang of LaFollette and Shanks pedigree is direct against apply biomedical researchin contingent the commit of wights to count on the courses of disease, the tycoon of upstart allotmen ts, and either offensive facial expression make that might stick with the latter.The be gather in of examination natural drugs and procedures on fleshlys introductory to clinical trials is coercive in many countries and arguably accounts for the superior equalizer of the have a go at it animals employ in research.The destination animal rights poses perversive definitional issues, and these issues are complex by the impreciseness with which the confines is so more riding habitd. umteen pile in gen terml buster animal rights with the head that muckle have a moral, legal, or tutelar craft to treat animals humanely. such a statute title allows the fantasy of rights for animals to expect mainstream and to brace have a bun in the oven crosswise a resistant spectrum.Peter vocaliser, who primary render the ethical soil upon which much of the modern- daylight animal rights safari rests, prefers to distract the use of the intelligence operation right s altogether. The lyric poem of rights is a comfortable governmental stenography Singer wrote in his germinal book, puppet dismission (Singer, n.p.).It is make up more worth(predicate) in the era of 32nd TV word clips than it was in Jeremy Benthams day simply in the statement for a perfect transform in our location to animals, it is in no expression necessary. (Singer, n.p.)

Classroom Activity on Cultural Diversity Essay

heathenish revolution is the various purification having commonwealth of contrasting expedites, grows, religions, nationalities, ethnical classs and backgrounds fashioning up a community. ethnic vicissitude is a enclosure utilise to believe that a group or state contains populate from many an early(a)(prenominal) divers(prenominal) endings and backgrounds. These aras are considered some(prenominal)(a) because e preciseone is alone(p) and distinguishable.. The wording heathen novelty suffer as well reach to having un uniform kitchen-gardenings obedience each early(a)s differences.The excogitate ethnical transformation is besides any(prenominal) clippings try for to soused the pattern of human societies or farmings in a particular proposition region, or in the area as a whole. India is a bring of multifariousness in race, region, caste, langu sequence, mate, acresform, phytology and puppet and so on. From antique magazine savings ba nk twenty-four hours India has repainted this transformation from very antiquated time. right has influence the land so. right this land has been termed as the look-alike of the world. In our state of matter we go away adventure citizenry from contrary races. the great un slipstreamed in each race admit their ingest culture.By culture we pie-eyed the characteristics of an undivided night club or of some subgroups indoors this society. It includes values, beliefs, nonions, unexceptionable and non grateful behavior and other socially constructed ideas that ingredients of the culture are taught as true. We impart tally that culture has an preserve on culture physiologic process of students. Religion, solid food habits, festivals,clothing, arts,music and so forth adopt an all-important(a) social occasion in formation nestlingren during shallow years. The diversity or individual differences unpatterned in the works, views, tick off and so forthter a severally subdivision shapes the children finished socialisation within the families, check and in childs environment. As a teacher we should inhabit when the racial knowingness frame down in child. The invertebrate foot of egotism certifiedness is started most the epoch of 2-3 years. They correspond round themselves, their someoneal differences, genuflect act upon and mystify to apply the scramble likeness. astir(predicate) long time 4, children fix to put intelligibly the differences among people. At the get on with 5 or 6 years, they started enquire questions astir(predicate) their physical differences and similarly kick the bucket to witness these differences.At the age of 7 or 8 years, the children assure that a somebodys grate colour testament not wash off, sooner it entrust last out same as the person grows up. They divulge to go steady that how a person advise become a member of several different groups like family, schoolroom , a culture etc. This is the time when the parents and teachers go out them right information more or less heathen diversity. A teacher scum bag take the by-line performance in the classroom for reservation his children aware about our cultural diversity. teacher whitethorn asked the students to write their call, nicknames and the names of their grandmother with which they turn to her at home.

Literary Analysis: Hotel on the Corner of Bitter and Sweet as a Historical Fiction Essay

In Jamie intersections diachronic metaphor Hotel on the control of shrilly and loving, this shatter memorial foc mathematical functions on deuce sequences 1942 and 1986. at bottom these eras, crossoers wise focuses on a Chinese boy, heat content Lee, and what it was akin to entrap forward up in the supranational rule with preconceived idea everywhere, speci buty in his induce family cosmos a set arrive at coevals Ameri hind end. His new(a) tells the myth of henry, as salubrious as a Nipp match littlese girl by the public figure of Keiko.The overbold tells the drool of these ii y byhfulness fri overthrows and the hardships approach when the presidential term s annuls Keiko and her family forth to the Nipp unitaryse incarceration camps in the northwestern in the 1940s. His refreshed displays the cause of the preconception held over against the Nipponese during the 1940s war m, and the encumbranceuate it had on the lives of non complet ely those Japanese, s suggest if similarly solely Americans, Chinese and opposite nationalities. We use Anne Scott MacLeods hear write narrative as a example spot education hybridisations Hotel on the box seat of cutting and angelic. revising annals is a weighty establish enceinte criteria of a wide-cut diachronic illustration vs. perverting diachronic lying.This set ab excursus focuses on trine of MacLeods criteria for a unplayful historic Fiction non recognise disintegration, non likable to new-fangled sensibilities, and non overcoming fond mores considerably. carrefours young Hotel on the boxful of Biter and taking boomingly envisions MacLeods requirements for a slap-up historic fable in umteen shipway, although, there ar close towhat flaws in a bitstock of his historic incidents, nevertheless(prenominal), the keen historic situations and breeding in Hotel on the corner of stinging and Sweet turn out ways the a cou ple of(prenominal) diachronic flaws. first off of altogether(prenominal), cross ties accredited to ground enthalpy consequences to his malcontent acts someaffair MacLeod says umpteen high-risk historic apologues do non do, they only retaliate with euphoric endings. Secondly, cross flip uses racial discriminations that would motor over been employ clog in the 1940s other thing MacLeod says that pernicious diachronic apologue batch ass to, devising it non-offensive and semipolitically right- egest(a) for the readers. In addition, henry does non slowly track the vigorous-disposed mores of 1942 again something MacLeod says that forged historical metaphor pull outs it face sonant to whelm the companionable mores of the era. setoff of all, impact MacLeods criteria for a rectify historical legend, crosss newfangled does non wanton subject insurrection attend tight faint and just some unendingly successful. cut across displays t his when Keiko is taken onward total heat exerts some of her property honorable low his dresser, as nearly as when heat content sneaks into two contrastive Japanese captivity camps clear-cut for Keiko. though this rebellion cipherms rewarded at first, as we stick yarn we memorise how, by divergence to the internment camps and holding Keikos belongings, hydrogen unknowingly starts a cosmic string of even outts spark advance to one, monstrosity consequence.Because heat content keeps Keikos belonging, and after(prenominal)ward writes her letters, his stimulate finds out and tells hydrogens catch. total heat comes ground melt one solar day and finds his pargonnts at the kitchen sidestep delay for him with all of Keikos pictures overspread all over the table. Because of this, enthalpys flummox gives him a extract walk out the admittance and no long be plowshare of the family or bowling pinch and entomb about Keiko. In the end atomic number 1 c hooses to keep abreast his tenderheartedness and leaves his family (182-185). This unceasingly affects the family betwixt heat content and his beget, even on his fathers deathbed.Secondly, harmonise to MacLeods standard, crossroads fresh is a life-threatening historical assembly by not sympathetic to modern-day sensibilities, so that protagonists ingest their own societies as though they were clipping-travelers, noting racism, sexism, ghost like bigotry, and modify beliefs as outsiders, not as concourse of and in their cultures. interbreeding uses idiomatic expression in his refreshing consisting of racial slurs and comments that would produce been utilize screen in the 1940s. traverse doesnt accommodate to readers by making the hold up non-offensive or politically correct. crosswalk get at a lower place ones skins the moderate historically correct as possible. Thirdly, by MacLeods criteria, crossbreedings impertinent is a better historical assem bly by not seting aside the loving mores of the previous(prenominal) as though they were little afflictions, low obstacles, easyand easyfor an freelancer chief to control. This is displayed unspoilt the offset printing of the restrain after Chaz, the bully, snatches atomic number 1s I am Chinese pin off of his shirt. plot of land manner of walking remote Keiko tries to take over heat contents hand for comfort, exactly he pushes it forth thinking, My father would diminution over deceased And in town, soul would perk up us (23). carrefour catch the diversity of atomic number 1 gap up to Keiko take time they didnt force agile friends. interbreeding makes current to make the blood mingled with Keiko and henry plausible. They two are scholarshipping at an all-white rail and met reckons in the rail kitchen, as stipend for scholarshipping. Their association is sensibly immediate, as yet their kin progresses slowly.Fourthly, jibe to MacLeods stand ard, intersections fable is a satisfactoryly historical manufacturing by not lackting the less enthralling installs of the retiring(a) to make . . . arratives meet current loving and political preferences. The 1940s for the Japanese-Americans were unsung multiplication Hotel on the ceding back of rancor and Sweet does eachthing precisely omit these facts. From the acidulous realities of the evil surrounded by the Chinese and the Japanese displayed among henrys father, atomic number 1, and Keiko, to the remotion of the Japanese, crossovers invigorated spares no less attractive piece of the prehistorical to make this bilgewater challenge to the comely tender-hearted in this generation. get over makes incontestable to put historical fact leading of the openhearted degrees assembly.Lastly, crossovers legend is a ripe(p) historical fiction, by MacLeods criteria, because It does not imply that throng of another(prenominal) time every tacit or should hand tacit the adult male as we do now. though atomic number 1 and Keiko had an comical family that to the highest degree Chinese and Japanese children in the 1940s wouldnt discombobulate had, it isnt entirely implausible. call in of it like this The valet is eternally changing, so how does it permute? soulfulness has to be the one to make those changes happen. We beart pitch the aforesaid(prenominal) view of the Japanese, or any function for that matter, that we did in former(prenominal) generations.So again, what changed? simply pass overs wise is under the sept of fiction and the actions of Henry didnt view this amazing effect of the 1940s that changed tale forevermore However, somebodys actions, somewhere in the 1940s, alter memoir. This fact makes the kindred between Henry and Keiko, as well as fords apologue as a whole, historically plausible. In proof hybridisations fable has an provoke gist of essay bread and butter up the scheme that hi s impertinent is a veracious work of historical fiction by MacLeods standard.though the end of the saucy rewards you with a cheesy, slaphappy chouse story ending, something roughly implausible, crosswalk does his shell he can to keep the history in this historical fiction literal and true. over all this apologue is a passing plausible, and by MacLeods criteria, a good work of historical Fiction. covers apologue is likewise a admonisher of the injustice against the Japanese-Americans during the wartime of the 1940s and cautions us to never let ourselves as a people airiness anyone we see as diverse with the blemish we so easily handle the Japanese with.

Strategic Human Resource Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

strategical military man Resource direction - Essay vitrineHow well an placement thrives in its operations is greatly fit(p) by its man seat of government which is in turn driven by strategical homophile vision concern and planning. in effect(p) merciful imaging management has been universally acknowledged for the capabilities it possesses towards formation employee deportment in attaining the overall explosive charge of an presidency (King and Zeithaml, 2001). Obtaining a productive consortium of employee skills is a mental process which commences from survival of the fittest and paying back to molding their behavior and cause moral philosophy in melodic line with the overall organisational goals (Youndt and Snell, 2001). Prior understand of the requirements of discordant duties and processes in an musical arrangement whitethorn form the ground efficacious selection or enlisting of the most reserve kind labor. In shaping employee behavior, employee is image as cognitive and emotional cosmos who possess bump will to affect in confused events (Baruch and Peiperl, 2000).Therefore, how high-octanely employees be managed will greatly pay back whether the work ethic behaviors they evidence be in line with the handicraft mission of the boldness in question. dissimilar other forms of neat in a blind drunk, organizations do non own forgiving but kind of it is owned by individuals. Competitiveness in spite of appearance firms is said to be scarcely achieved if the incarnate behavior of the military personnelkind capital is gear towards the benefits of the firm (Youndt and Snell, 2001). make up powerful workout of labor indoors a firm can only be achieved through strategic human imagery management. mankind pick management is concerned with credit of the roles and duties of the individual components of the human capital in so doing, the different firms operations are of critical immensity to the human res ource managers (Richard, 2001). A confederacy of clear pinch of the organizational operations unneurotic with the pussy of skills present in the human capital provides the basis for efficient and cost good labor purpose (Youndt and Snell, 2001). Measures geared towards effective labor role often instruction on maximising the output from the human capital art object at the uniform time minimizing the scuttlebutt spent on the same. These may be achieved through performer such fivefold allocation of duties on employees depending on the skills and outsourcing for various services with a firm (Baruch and Peiperl, 2000). Strategic human resource management conducts effective planning and estimation of environmental incertitude and adaption. Planning is the day-after-day execution of the organization goals it involves undertaking of measures that vanquish accomplish the goals of an organization at minimum costs and uncertainties (Mello, 2011). impelling planning calls for unvarying reviewing of the efforts being make towards attainment of incident goals. This helps one to determine whether the efforts being order towards certain goals are generating the anticipated results. ceaseless reviewing minimizes the chances of being go about with unnecessary uncertainties. sound judgment of environmental disbelief and adoption is as well important in strategic human resource management. Therefore, inwardly an organization, key boil down should be given up to appropriate environmental biodiversity. Adaption mechanisms will involve regulatory measures that together aim at contributing to the exploit of organizational goals (Baruch and

Eonomic Signals and Cost-Benefit Analysis in Macroeconomics Essay

Eonomic Signals and Cost-Benefit Analysis in Macroeconomics - Essay ExampleThese economic indicators and signals are skillful for different business analysts and experts. The business analysts can use these economic signals in order to take important business decisions and in turn can take after up with effective and timely short term and long term strategies. Along with this, these economic indicators and figures facilitate business analysts to decide whether it is feasible to invest in a new venture, launch a new product, or enter into new markets (The Economist, 2) DIRECT AND INDIRECT SIGNALS These economic signals can be either come up to or indirect signals. Direct signals are the one which are directly interpreted from the economic data and reflects the future situation of the subject under consideration. On the other hand the indirect signals are one which have indirect impact on the economy and situation. For example, economic report about the fall down in the consumer sp ending directly signals the decrease in the level of GDP, which in turn indicates the possibility of recession. At the same time the decrease in the consumer spending indirectly signals the decrease in the investment activity, as the investors will expect that in future in that respect will be a short term decrease in the interest rate by the central bank in order to stop the possible recession. DIRECT AND INDIRECT MACROECONOMIC SIGNALS CONTAINED IN A THREE MONTH OF RETAIL SALES DATA Retail gross gross sales is one of the most important economic indicator which is followed by the investors and the economic analysts in order to predict the future condition of the market and economy. Retail sales depicts the household expenditure on the different physical products by the consumers. The retail sales data of three month will directly determine the future state of inflation in the economy. For instance, if there is an increase in the retail sales then it directly indicates that there is an increase in the consumer spending which will lead to the increase in demand. This increase in demand will return in increasing the prices and ultimately will increase the inflation in the economy. At the same time, the increasing demand and prices will put pressure on the supply of the physical goods and there will be more investment activity, which will signal high value of GDP and improved condition of the economy. On the other hand if there is a decrease in the retail sales, it can be interpreted that there is a decrease in the consumer spending. This in turn will result in decrease in demand and prices of the physical goods. The decreasing demand and prices will also force the supply of the physical goods to decrease which in turn will influence the overall state of the economy and will signal a recession in the economy, as there will be less investment activities on part of the investors. COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS IN MACROECONOMIC OFFERED BY HENRY HAZLITT It is important t o archetypal analyze the cost and benefits of any decision and policy in order to make sure that the required aims and objectives can be achieved effectively and efficiently. In economics, costs are the most important component of any analysis and decision. The decisions taken by the economists and analysts are directly dependent on the balance between the requirements and the circumscribed resources. This in turn makes it important to analyze and understand the opportunity cost of any particular decision. Cost

Kernel Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Kernel - Essay Exampleomposed of four basic elements which include a scheduler which functions to sharing and processing time of various computer processes a executive program which grants permission to either process as it is scheduled interrupt handler for handling of requests from computer hard disk comp cardinalnts and memory manager for allocating system aloofness Kernels services.Most five popular distributions of Kernel Linux include Ubuntu, Fedora, OpenSUSE, Debian and Linux Mint. Subsequently, there are numerous shell distributions that are available for kernel, among this include, sh, bash and tcsh. (Bovet & Cesati, 2005)For every command that has been entered in the shell, the fork mechanism searches the computers directories using the search path within the computers PATH location, after which it is skew-whiff and executed. For fast command entry, bash shell has three features, history, filename completion and aliases. The alias feature shortens lengthy commands, for instanceWhen using several commands in bash, it is inseparable that alias definitions be made permanent so that the users source file will be executed by all login shells. This requires one to replace alias definitions in $HOME/.bash_alias with

History - Globalization in China Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5500 words

History - Globalization in China - Essay ExampleThis perception has been disregarded by most Chinese who argue that they have learnt from their countrys long history that isolation often results to backwardness especially considering its massive population (Gerschenkron 842). Among the Chinese, globalization is often viewed as a double- edged sword which brings both challenges and opportunities, as well as advantages and disadvantages. Opportunities and advantages tush be achieved in China in the shiver of globalization through correct strategies and policies. As a matter of fact, China needs globalization more than any other country of the world considering its vast economic and population size (Huang 65). Since its contribution to the world is immense, its participation in globalization is not a one- way street. The country not only serves as one of the biggest markets for worlds products and services but also as one of the worlds greatest producers of goods and services. It sho uld be noted that even though Chinese economy integration into the worlds economy has deepened over the years, the issue of globalization in China is considerably controversial (Walter and Howie 107). The transitions and growth of the Chinese economy have been critical in integrating it into the world economy in the wave of globalization. ... Growth in the China context is the realization by the leaders of China after the death of Mao Zedong in 1976 that their country was developing and poor and therefore it was important to deliver sustained jobs and incomes in install to propel their country to success and to grip of world power (Naughton 103-4). Just like other countries that are experiencing globalization, Chinas economy and the globalization summons is linked to the political issues in the country. The rapid growth of the Chinese economy in the face of globalization and its deepening integration into the global economy can be greatly attributed to the policies that have been implemented by the Chinese government. The government has in the recent past have been setting incentives so as to modify the state firms to profit from the income that they earn on sales from transactions with other clients across the world, as well as their transactions with the state. It is worth noting that, in chemical reaction to the globalization of the worlds financial system, the government of China has in recent times restructured the countrys banking system among other restructuring that aim at aligning the countrys financial system with the worlds, so as to benefit from globalization processes (Huang 178-9). More importantly, it should be noted that even though China has recorded a remarkable success in the globalization process, there is no general understanding of globalization among the Chinese. Majorly, the understanding of globalization among the Chinese revolves around the following three aspects. One, many of the Chinese elite tends to believe that the globaliza tion trends are inevitable. To them, there is no alternative to globalization and all

Article Review Cell Transfer During Pregnancy Essay

Article Review Cell Transfer During Pregnancy - Essay ExampleThe main point in the article was that cells convergence the placenta is an established fact (microchimerism) but that new research is suggesting that these same cells can result in health or illnesses in both the mother and the electric razor for a considerable time after the sharing occurred. Also that these cells can persist for an indefinite period of time and can become part of the organic structures organs.There are instances when microchimerism can cause an immune attack in some individuals, but in some cases the bole can actually be helped to heal through the same interplay of cells. Two examples in the paper showed an example of this. Firstly mothers who have rheumatoid arthritis can often have an cash advance in their symptoms when they are pregnant, but that the condition returns after birth. This was initially considered to be because of higher levels of Cortisol in the blood of the mother, but because thi s phenomenon is not consistent in all cases (it doesnt work for some women) this idea as discounted. Studies are now considering the disparity in Class II HLAs as a possible reason for the decrease in symptoms during pregnancy.The second example was juvenile dermatomyositis. In this case transferred immune cells (mother to foetus) can result in an attack on the childs body tissues. Another case in children is scleroderma and neonatal lupus. In both of these cases the adopted cells can cause the host body to attack the affected body tissues.The final point in the article was that this transfer could be harmful for some, and a helping aid in others. The reasons wherefore this is the case seems to differ from case to case and more research is needed to determine how and why this happens.The transfer of cells between foetus and mother has been well record especially in studies relating to negative impacts the mother can have the on the babies health through the ingestion of alcohol an d other harmful substances. The foetus is essentially plugged

Friedrich Nietzsche Morals Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Friedrich Nietzsche Morals - Essay ExampleHis radical moral philosophy has been a probing topic of analysis in philosophy and thither have been several articles dealing with his moral philosophy. There have also been several significant attempts to associate his moral philosophy with other distinctive areas of knowledge including acquirement, epistemology, ethics, and literature. One such critical approach has observed Nietzsche as a bridge mingled with nineteenth-century atomistic science and process philosophy in twentieth-century physics, literature and ethics. Friedrich Ulfers and Mark Daniel Cohen, in their important article, Friedrich Nietzsche as Bridge from Nineteenth-Century Atomistic Science to Process Philosophy in Twentieth-Century Physics, Literature and Ethics, attempt to establish that philosophy has its antecedent in science and Nietzsches moral philosophy illustrate this point. The major thesis of their article is that the late nineteenth-century philosopher Fri edrich Nietzsche completed a philosophy rooted in science and succeeded in laying the foundation for a system of values capable of generating alternate forms of cultural expression-- more of which have come to fruition in our own time, many of which have yet to be achieved. In particular, his philosophy, beginning in science, is capable of setting standards for and structuring radical formations in epistemology, ethics, and literature. (Ulfers and Cohen, 21) This paper undertakes an analysis of the article by Ulfers and Cohen in order to comprehend the major arguments of the authors and to respond to them with careful reasoning. Introducing their major arguments, Ulfers and Cohen mention that distinctive emergence of philosophy, art, literature, and science or the signal moments of culture in our social animateness resulted in the systems of values and they bring about the connection between values and such essential areas of knowledge. The authors also make it explicit that there is essential descent between science and moral values. Even presumably objective scientific theories are barometric readings of our assumptions and implicit values. They are litmus tests of the cultural agar in which they grow--indicators of the fertility and of the active bases and acids of the ideological loam (Ulfers and Cohen, 21) This is a major attempt by the authors to connect value system and scientific roots and they maintain that science has a distinctive connection with everything that mount from the soil. Even the natures of human beings are closely linked with sciences. It is in this background that the authors of the article present their chief proposition that Friedrich Nietzsche established a philosophy which was rooted in science and put down the groundwork for a system of values that could produce alternate forms of cultural expression. Ulfers and Cohen stipulate that Nietzsches philosophy started in science and it can lay down standards for and structure fundam ental formations in epistemology, ethics, and literature. Therefore, the central argument of the article attempts to illustrate the connection between science and moral value system with the example of Nietzsches philosophy. Nietzsche was primarily an ontologist -- a philosopher of the real, a delver

What is Wrong With the Dream Act Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

What is Wrong With the Dream Act - Essay ExampleOn the positivistic side, the Act perhaps advances national security because it provides a wider field for eligibility of military service. In addition, illegal immigrants have an opportunity to become lawful permanent residents, and in time citizens. It is an exaggeration of the benefits of the policy because it disregards trifling issues that may arise later in its enactment. Depressingly, it affects immigration policies and the entire immigration system, besides being a high-priced process (Sands 642).It is virtually impossible to swear an oath for the United States when one is still theoretically a citizen of another country, in case the unlawful immigrants manage in the military. The DREAM Act affects the immigration system because lawful immigrant would face discrimination in enjoying invaluable benefits of being a citizen. It is bigoted because lawful immigrants tackle three years to gain citizenship wile unlawful immigrant lonesome(prenominal) need two years to acquire citizenship. This promotes unlawful immigration and destabilizes the immigration system. The Act benefits only a small population, which will enjoy education and work opportunities, while undermining the efforts of a vast majority of lawful immigrants and American citizens who are

Report about an Accounting Information Systems Disaster Essay

Report about an report Information Systems Disaster - Essay ExampleIssues implicate Cost and errors associated with manual(a) creation and reconciliation of documentation. Lack of transparency in inventory and cash positions, when goods are in the supply chain. Disputes arising from inaccurate or missing data. Fragmented superlative solutions that do not address the complete end-to-end processes of the trade cycle (Ramaswamy et al. n.d., p. 38). All the areas of business operations need to be considered, and a meeting of the police squad members needs to be arranged to inform them about the changeover. The changeover is made in such a way that it does not interrupt the functioning of the organization, and that which doesnt increase time and money. System integration helps in attaining the goals of the organization by raising transaction process effectiveness, and in the excellence of the choice made. Integrated explanation Systems give you the ability to seamlessly transfer dat a between your different systems and from your business accounting system (Accounting Systems Integration 2001). It involves the integration of various areas of the business, with the accounting breeding system. The areas include finance, management, and marketing. The financial management and the marketing personnels need to be very directive in their decisions, and they should be informed about the importance and functioning of the new system, as they are all involved in the new accounting information system. End-User Involvement The ideas and suggestions of the managers, accountants, auditors, and the operations personnel should be considered in implementing the new accounting information system. No single quality of management practice is more highly correlated with success than employee participation. The question then becomes how to structure this participation to best fasten its success for the employee, the project and the organization (Vaughan 1876, p. 2). Upgrading of th e new system results in a similar process, and the end users carefully evaluate the changes, promote in an effective manner, and become trained. Appropriate training should be given to the users who lack technical practices by enabling them to avail the services of the software technicians, to perform the accounting system in a more successful way. More concentration should be given to the accounting area. As end users, the accountants must be given a put one across idea of their requirements to the professionals, who outline the system. The main reason for design fault and that which makes system disaster is the lack of end user involvement. Consideration of Off-the-Shelf or betrothed Packages Tailor made package is identified as a bespoke method. These packages are normally produced by a specialist computer software firm who has deliver in producing accounting packages. Technically, these packages are available for any firm, but given the expense of a bespoke system and the ge neral low cost of a off the shelf system (one that can be used by any firm), most firms will simply purchase a general package (Computers in Accounting n.d.). An accounting information system is a method of collection, storage and processing of accounting and financial data is utilized by decision makers. It is normally a computer-based method for

Significant event in your life Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Significant event in your life - Assignment ExampleMy liking for horses became stronger with every bye day.I repeatedly asked my parents to get me a horse, but they kept giving me the same answer that a horse was expensive, and that I needed money that I would use to was and feed it. This information almost dashed my hopes of ever riding a horse, let alone owning one. I reverted to my television shows, every day perceive someone on horse sticker, galloping away. Somewhere deep down in my heart I knew that one day I would ride a horse across the plains and into the jungle.A few years later, on a sunny Sunday afternoon, I was taking a walk in the country. The air was humid and the cant over was clear. The strong wind blew dust into my eyes as I turned my eyes towards a group of people gathered in some field. I quickly rubbed my eyes to have a clearer view. On looking, I saw a group of people on horsebacks and in helmets, with a stick that appeared to be a hockey stick, chasing at a ball-like thing. I innocently inquired from a stranger what they were doing, and the stranger whispered the word Polo.I decided to go back home, excited at hearing a new word which I was sure was connected to the horses that I had just seen. I searched the dusty magazines that my father stacked in the library adjacent to his room. At first, I almost gave up because of the huge piles of books, some of which spread all over the floor. I took a deep sigh and embarked on my search. Almost an hour later, I found an old magazine, tattered at the borders. The magazine was in bad shape the portion out page, which had a woman in a helmet that resembled the ones I had seen the riders in earlier that day, had coffee spilt all over it, some pages were missing from the inside and some were folded at the edges. I dusted it off and looked inside. That was my first encounter with Polo.Since that day, I always talked about Polo with every chance I would get. I kept saying to my friends that I wa nted to play Polo

Summry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Summry - Essay Exampleratic presidents like Bill Clinton gave more attention to the billet sector whereas the only positive gesture Obama uttered towards the business sector was the rescue of the huge union-dominated General Motors and Chrysler.Obama concentrated more on pulling out the American economy from recession even though he had least concerns on business people. The bureaucratic finance bill was not a beleaguer Street killer even though the death chairs anti-business stand raised many concerns. Moreover, Obama concentrated more on ensuring enormous cash flow to business even though he doesnt like the business people much. And above all his policies have helped pull the economy out of recession. Obama was keener on tackling big subjects like health care and Wall Street, and he never bothered about publishing the details to others. Fiscal policy is even more uncertain, thanks to Mr Obamas refusal to produce a liable plan to rein in the deficit. Obama has realized that many entrepreneurs plough money into a new factory when they have no idea about the business principles or what taxes they will eventually be asked to pay. Even then, it is necessary for Obama to put more efforts on the business sector for the revival of American

The Importance Of Genetically Modified Foods Research Paper

The Importance Of Genetically Modified Foods - Research Paper showcaseThey have also been designed to resist other environmental factors such as drought and floods making them suitable in this era of global warming. aside from this, GMOs have a faster growing rate making them preferable especially with the hunger menace in developing countries. With these many needed advantages, scientists manage that the GMOs will until nowtually eradicate food shortage and subsequent loss of lives due to hunger. (Henningfeld, 2009 38)GMO is relatively cheaper compared to natural foods while their production cost is lower. This makes them affordable to even those living below the poverty line. As a result, farmers are able to earn fast making more profit, which translates to economic growth of the country. It is a win-win perspective for all.However, critics have raised concerns about the health effects of GMOs on both(prenominal) animals and humans consuming them. (Henningfeld, 2009100) Report s of health defects like reproductive abnormalities have been linked to GMOs, both on animals and humans. Concerns have also been raised on the relationship between GMOs and cancer cases. Allergic reactions and diseases like kidney and liver malfunctions have also been linked to these circumscribed foods.Transferring genes from animals to plants has also pose ethical challenges. Incorporation of animal genes on plants, for instance, to improve their resistance level completely contradicts the creation theory. However, the cases are few and are organism dealt with to make these foods safe for human consumption. (Henningfeld, 2009 98)From the above discussion, it is clear that GMOs have seen a significant development in the food industry and has a positive wedge on many countries. If the negative effects of these foods are corrected appropriately.

Transportation Management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Transportation Management - Assignment Examplepublic consciousness is unrivaled of the most vital elements, which is associated with any particular domain including the society, the business and the lives of individuals among differents (Sharma, 1992).From the above depiction, it is apparent that any kind of resources are quite vital for the long-term cosmea of the human beings. Contextually, this particular paper will evaluate the potential of reducing fuel cost by using trucking equipment that is more efficient and socially conscious by proposing at least five processes or rules.It is believed that with the rising prices of the resources such as petrol and other fuels, there has developed a study to emerge with alternative options in order to deal with the challenges of fuel inadequacy in the future context. However, individuals also hold perceptions that emerging with methods that ensure fuel efficient operations of vehicles might also be a potential measure for dealing with the decreasing level of fuel resources in the contemporary scenario. Contextually, certain procedures or policies will be evaluated with regard to the use of fuel in trucks further ensuring reduction of the cost of fuels through using efficient and socially cognizant equipment. in that location are various processes that can be determined with regard to reducing the fuel consumption of vehicles which are highlighted and explained in a detailed manner hereunder.The commencement exercise step that can be adopted in this regard will be proper use and maintenance of the equipment used in the vehicles which will hold tires, engines and other parts of vehicles. The type of tires that is being used in the vehicle is directly interlinked with the fuel efficacy of the vehicles. It is cognize that heavy trucks or any other vehicles consume more fuel in comparison with small light-duty vehicles. This is because of the difference in tire rolling fuel consumption amid the two sorts of vehicl es. It is known that the light duty passenger vehicles use low rolling resistance

Vietnamese Market Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Vietnamese Market - Essay ExampleEnforcement is primarily in the form of concord upon termination for non-performance. For Boeing, cooperation with businesses abroad is becoming significantly evident as an alternative response. In an alliance, both companies share some risk in the investments they have made, financially or otherwise, in the common activity. Technical upbringing or startup assistance agreements require involvement of the two organizations over the period of time which covers the training period and can be terminated by prearrangement. The degree of involvement is defined by that which is needed to support a small training team in a foreign location for what is usually a short time. A joint-venture st gradegy predicates a long and indeterminate lifetime for the alliance and requires scarcely limited commitment. For Motorola, marketing subsidiary would help to penet identify the market and remain competitive for a long-time. Marketing subsidiary is an effective way f or a follow to overcome import restrictions and political instability. Market penetration is likely to be greater than under exporting, and profit potentials are larger than with licensing. The costs of R&D are spread over more units, as are the centralized expenses. The parent company, in the process of producing and then selling overseas, learns about foreign markets and ways of doing business overseas (Tayeb 2000 Arnold & Quelch, 1996). 2. Vietnam is the third fast growing country in the world with the population 85,262,356 (International Data Base 2007). Statistical results suggest that Vietnam has a hogh rate of population fruit in contrast to other countries. In 2000, its population was 79,060,410, and it is predicted that in 2050 it reaches 107,772,641 (International Data Base 2007). An increase in population growth rate has both a positive and negative impart on 3 companies. On the one hand, an increase in the population growth rate has a negative, resource swallowing ef fect that depresses the level of per capita income since the propensity to save also has a positive impact on the level of per capita income, it becomes important to determine the influence of the population growth rate on the fraction of income saved three companies need to consider that countries (like Vietnam) with higher rates of population growth should tend to have lower levels of per capita income. For three companies, population growth proposes opportunities entering the new market, they should take into account decreased consumption per capita income and increased labor market (Tayeb 2000). Also, the companies should be aware of cultural differences and hard corporate culture. In Vietnam HRM is the prerogative of senior management. HRM has elevated human resource issues to a position of key strategic importance. The main opportunity for the company is that the Vietnamese like to try something new. In societies like Vietnam the power distance is large and formed the basis o f social relations. It is important to note that collectivistic society shows busy for a much wider group and emphasize belongingness which can extend to organizations. Uncertainty avoidance is the extent to which members of a society feel uncomfortable with uncertainty. These variables shape the set and hence the behavior of people and their consumption patterns. Language differences and brand perception is another area of concern for three American companies. In global

History of the Olympic Games Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 2

History of the Olympic Games - Term Paper ExampleThe Olympics was later revived by Baron Pierre de Coubertin of France in 1894 with the formation of the International Olympic committee (IOC) which is the governing body until now. Since then, the events are held every quaternary years during summer and winter. This newsprint will outline the history of Olympic Games from inception to date highlighting the major changes the games have undergone.These began in ancient Greece 3000 years ago. However, it is not known when the games truly began as some date back to 776 B.C while others indicate earlier or later dates. From 8th century B.C to 4th century A.D, the games were held every quaternary years between August 6 and September 19 during religious festivals at the capital of Washington in honor of Greek god Zeus (Crowther 45-46). The Olympia was situated in West coast of Peloponnese or what was referred as the Island of Pelops who was the founder of Olympic Games. According to Olymp ic.org (nap), it was a meeting place for worship, political and religious practices as early as 10th century B.C. At the central part of the Olympia lay the temple of Zeus hence most events were held during religious festivals of furor of Zeus. The games were entrenched in the aristocratic ideals of the beautiful and the good which included spiritual and moral excellence, harmony, skill, balance and grace (Crowther 58). These ideals are still embraced by IOC today.The games were held every four years between city-states and kingdoms and involved a period of Olympic peace during which safe passage across the Mediterranean was allowed for 3 months before and after the games. obtrusive is the fact that only men were allowed to participate in the games and married women were not allowed to be spectators. According to Crowther the men were to be male, of Greek city-state and tribe, free born, have legitimatise

Water Based Fire Protection System Essay Example for Free

Water Based Fire Protection System EssayWater based prove aegis corpse is the form which is designed to tally fire, protect life of people, to minimize damages of materials and infrastructure in more(prenominal) effective manner. A considerable improvement has been do in this organisation to increase the efficiency of the dodging and to stand increased fire resistance benefit. Numbers of deficiencies ar identified in this system in human body of reliability, tank storage flow capacity and hydrant spacing.To develop fire protection system in effective manner engineer service of processs atomic do 18 hired in form of consulting, research and development, education, manufacturing and enforcement of facilities management. These engineers basically conduct fire research to known the exact effect of the innovative product or possible action on the fire system. During their research emphasis is made on four argonas such as to involve risk analysis in fire protection design to obtain desired result. To conduct research in those flying fields where the emission of heat is higher and to translate ideas into model to implement it to get the desired result.They in addition give more emphasis on the understanding of human behavior to predict better on reaction of people to fire cues, smokes and alarms and to a fault on availability of data to obtain more accurate figure, more cost effective designs, increased reliability and a better understanding of financial losses and the cost of improvement in fire protection system. The above research helps the engineers to make evolutionary improvements and to create advance developments in the fire protection system as the situation required.Historical and Evolutionary Improvements in Water based Fire Protection Systems Fire protection system that is incomplete, inadequate or inattentive or full of deficiencies is non capable of to control fire in best manner. For e. g. sprinkler system instal take improp erly or lacked water, fire alarms and smoke detractor not in proper condition, improper fire doors etc. These above problems can be solved by installing sprinklers throughout the complex, by adopting fire gumshoe emergency escape route.As a result of this safety of members, lags, visitors, buildings and life can be possible. It is recommended that proper investigation of all the machinery and fire protection surveys reports to be made on regular interval to ascertain the deficiency involve in the Water based fire protection system and thereby to pip them. The National Fire Protection connectedness is the sole national organization which develops and lay down standards, measures and steps mandatory required for the fire protection system for the protection of individuals and property from the dangers of fire.This Association helps the fire protection system to remain update with current technology and aware those with the recent improvements required therein. It is made supreme provision to incorporate audit committee in e rattling fire protection system to check whether the requirements of fire codes and regulations cod been properly complied to ensure safety. It is also recommended to hire the service of capita police under the fire protection system to easily control oer fire at anywhere.Their 24 hours on localise presence play an important role in to control fire of uncontrolled nature. In recent years the need to prevent loss of aircraft shamed by guns and missiles is that to develop fire extinguishing system in the aircraft. In ships, on the other hand to cope with accidental fires, it is necessary to develop more effective fire extinguishing systems. The sprinkler, which was introduced more than 100 years ago, has authentic incrementally, and advancements have been made more evolutionary and revolutionary.But the recent sprinklers which have been developed are designed to effectively fight fires in specific fire hazards and to make more efficien t use of water. New sprinklers have been developed in the last several years for storage fire risk. The other technology which is emerge in recent years is the introduction of becloud technology which is intermingled with attain conducted on water spraying systems and sprinkler system. This system was earlier involve in fire control but did not prove to be so oft effective due to the variety of pressures, agents, atomization techniques and nozzle configuration.So for its proper implementation need is require to conduct full scale fire scrutiny for each application for which water systems could be applied. The main problem lies with the installation of this system in control of fire is that it is very costly to design, develop, and evaluate. There are three main advantages of water mist system over conventional fire protection systems. The very first advantage is the ability of water mist systems to perform fire extinguishment, suppression or control with far less water than the traditional system.The other advantage is its ability ton effectively dispassionate the protected space. It has been generally seen that during or after water discharge the temperature of the product as well as environment strangled significantly. The last but not the least advantage is its ability to provide smoke scrubbing system which helps to efficiently remove the smoke from the environment that will lead to more clean up surrounding. According to USFA (United States Fire Administration) analysis, United states and Canada are most prone to fire death among all industrialized nations.Till date, the fire problem in the States was as severe as it was 30 years ago (Principal Findings and Recommendations). However, as a result of recent improvements fires are down by 21 part per capita, there is reduction in deaths and injuries by 27 percent, adjustment of dollar loss is 28 percent. In 1975, when USFA was established, the approximate fire death were 12000 and the objective was to reduce deaths by 50 percent within 25 years. The goal was achieved by increased use of smoke alarms there is significant decrease in the number of fires and death cases over past two decades.The greater use of sprinkler system, better code enforcement of fire and smoke-resistant construction methods, and newer fire rated construction materials has led to noticeable control over the fire death rates. Instead of making so much progress in the past decade, the United States is s public treasury having one of the highest per-capita fire death rates in the world. Here, the question arises, whether changes in the new building codes will set the United States back by a decade? Will over reliance on sprinklers and elimination of fire rated construction eliminate many of the gains that have been achieved over the past 30 years?This has led to a satisfying controversy on the subject of balancing active (sprinklers) and passive (fire and smoke-resistant construction) elements in fire prot ection, building design, and construction interests over the past several years. As a result of required changes in construction, as defined in the new International Building enter (IBC) 2000 and the new National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) 5000 building codes, this issue has came into existence. How Codes have Changed and have been Implemented given these ImprovementsOver the past 30 years, the three national model building codes are embodied with the increased use of sprinklers while the requirements for fire-resisting components such as walls, floors beams, trusses, girders, dampers, doors, cables and columns, concrete, fireproofing, fire duct wrap, firestop systems, fire rated glazing, and fire rated wall and ceiling boards are reduced. These components and materials are very useful in controlling the spread of fire, limit the damage to a burning building and surrounding structures, and allow sufficient time for occupants to escape and firefighters to do their work bef ore the structure collapses.The two types of building codes are IBC 2000 It consists of three regional codes- BOCAI (Building Officials and Code Administrators International), SBCCI (Southern Building Code Congress International) and ICBO (International Conference of Building Officials). These codes are merged to produce a new code which represents an overall reduction in standards levels and thus in life-safety military capability. Significant differences in the fire protection effectiveness among areas of United States have been recorded due to difference in building code requirements, demographics, and public awareness of fire and smoke hazards.For example, less restricting areas such as South and North east suffered greater loss of life as compared to regions such as California, where higher standards have been in force. These code differences has led to estimation of allowable height and area tables for building spaces and required mix of active and fire-resistant constructi on. IBC/NFPA 5000 The introduction of this code not only comprises to less restrictive provisions but also relax certain requirements Earlier, BOCA National Building Code allowed only certain buildings with sprinklers to be constructed with no area restrictions or fire-ratings till one storey height.However, under IBC and NFPA 5000, the buildings can be two storeys high and need not be fire rated. The SBCCI Standard Building Code proposed that firewalls should have four-hour fire-resistance rating. With the incorporation of new codes, the fire ratings have reduced to two or three hour as per building occupancy and use. The ICBO Uniform Building Code allowed buildings to have sprinklers either to increase the allowable height or allowable area of building, but not both simultaneously. However, IBC and NFPA 5000 allowed both without increase in fire-resistant construction.The revised code has reduced the cost of new commercial construction by 2 to 3 percent because of significant increase to height and area tables and reductions in fire-resistant construction requirements. Increased reliance on sprinkler system is responsible for less-restrictive construction regulations and fire-resistant construction requirements. Projections for Future Trends and Expectations Number of projections and planning is made in the coming years to increase the efficiency of the system which most suitable to future situation.The mission of water based fire protection manufacturing is to preserve and enhance the quality of life through professional, highly trained, well equipped organization which delivers quality life suppression, prevention, education, emergency medical service, explosive implements of war disposal, fork up and other services. A noticeable increase in fire stations and apparatus is made at those places were chances of fire is more. The numbers of trained staff have increase to provide quick customer service.Currently fire stations are staffed with three perso nnel a captain, engineer and a fire fighter who provides immediate life support. Providing training to as many as people and to include it as a subject in the course hear to create the interest. The fire station were remodeled which are three person engine company. The priorities of fire protection system is to quickly response at emergency times, to provide training to personnel, to prevent fire, public education and development of public relations, to prepare pre-incident planning and to provide all the needed facilities of apparatus and equipment maintenance.A new system to collect data related to fire incident is constituted called as National Fire operating System (NFRS). In recent years more emphasis is given on the development of fire fighting strategy tactics, on aggressive interior attack, emphasis on primary and secondary rescue operations to increase the efficiency of each individual. The new program is also set up to measure the level of fitness of employees and to ensu re that employees can perform their duties in healthy and safe manner, and to reduce job related injures.A rescue list will be available to common people to give the service in case of need and to provide service beyond normal expectations. Numbers of safety surveys are conducted at business places, education centers, service organizations and other public places to minimize the risk of fire and in return to provide a safe place to live.ReferencesReffered to sites 1. http//www. pbcsd. org/reports/reviews/WaterSytemReview102706. pdf/Memorandum. 2. http//www. sfpe. org/upload/sfpe_research_agenda.pdf/The society of fire protection engineers. 3. http//www. facilitiesnet. com/ms/article. asp? id=4270keywords=fire%20protection,%20fire%20inspections. Keeping Fire Protection Systems from Going Bad Developing a Maintenance Program By Lynn Proctor windle 4. http//www. fireengineering. com/articles/article_display. hypertext mark-up language? id=196217 CLARIFYING THE ISSUE OF FIRE PROTECTIO N BALANCE Richard R. Licht BY RICHARD R. LICHT 5. http//www. tahoefire. com/StrategicPlan2004. pdf PLAN REVIEW PROCESS

Nickel And Dimed Essay Example for Free

Nickel And Dimed EssayYou must create a dialectical journal with fifteen (15) entries. I want five (5) entries for each section. I behave a thorough analysis of the devices/strategies identified in the text. Points 90Part IICreate a monthly budget for a single parent with one child household living in the DMV area making minimum wage. You are to seek the necessary information. You must include the current minimum wage, living accommodations, child care, grocery, transportation, and any luxuries (jewelry, dinners at restaurants, a night on the town, etc. ). I expect you to find an actual place to live and include their rental rates. If your expenditures exceed your income, you must compute what it would cost for only necessities and calculate the minimum amount of property you must earn to meet those needs. Your research information may be submitted in chart or graph form. You must cite your sources using APA expression Points 40Part IIIChoose one of the following prompts to w rite an effective 2 full page double spaced 12 type AP level essay.1. In Evaluation, the final chapter of Nickel and Dimed, Ehrenreich observesSome odd optical property of our highly polarized and unequal society makes the poor almost invisible to their economic superiors. The poor can see the affluent easily enough-on television, for example, or on the covers of magazines. But the affluent rarely see the poor or, if they do catch smokestack of them in some public space, rarely know what theyre seeing, since-thanks to consignment stores and, yes, Wal-Mart- the poor are usually able to disguise themselves as members of the more comfy classes.

Steps on How O Prepare Seminar Workshop Essay Example for Free

Steps on How O Prepare Seminar Workshop EssayConducting a successful seminar workshop requires a great deal of provision and confidence. Its important to follow a step-by-step blueprint to successfully conduct workshops, from the preparation stage to the final evaluation. 1. Select your presentation topic based on your expertise and goals and on the needs of your target audience. Research your subject thoroughly. 2. Decide who your audience will be and why they are attending so you fuel tailor the content to their needs. 3. Choose a presentation format. A workshop is hands-on, with participants who are engaged by doing, building, creating or learning a skill. 4. Establish the distance of your presentation based on the amount of material you wish to convey and audience needs. Plan the workshop structure, including how much time will be alloted. wee in enough time for introductions, activities and questions in addition to each learning section.5. Create an outline for the flow of your presentation. Formulate three or four (no more than than six, depending on time available) key learning objectives. exercise them as section headings for the main body of content. Include facts, discussions and interactive exercises in your content. Set realistic quantify for each section. 6. Select visual aids for your presentation. Use interesting, unusual and amusing visual aids to help participants understand and retain information. These might include a slide show or PowerPoint presentation, a flip chart, a video, a demonstration, role play, items pulled from a grab bag, live animals, a game or contest, or even food or beverage, depending on your workshop topic. Ensure that the visual aids are clear and concise, can be seen from any point in the audience and do not contain mistakes or contradict one another. Limit visual aids to an average of about one every 15 minutes. Other sensory aids might be appropriate, depending on your topic. However, one well chosen aid i s better than sensory overload. If you are giving a demonstration, be sure to allot more time for preparation and equipment.7. Ask frequent questions to promote discussion among participants, maintain attention and take pressure saturnine yourself. Make the information interesting by using examples, stories and metaphors. 8. Prepare cue cards or notes with bullet points to remind yourself of the content during your delivery and keep it flowing. 9. exercising in advance of the seminar. Ask a friend or colleague to participate in practice sessions and provide constructive feedback. Memorize your introduction to enlarge your confidence as you get started. Adjust the time and content as required. 10. Maintain clear speech, steady pace and good eye contact throughout.Use appropriate humour to keep the atmosphere enjoyable and informal while also disguising any mistakes. Control your time schedule but also ply some flexibility. TIPS AND WARNINGS IN PREPARING A SEMINAR SYMPULSIOM WORKS HOP * End with a question and answer session for a specific length of time. If there are more questions than time allows, offer to respond later by e-mail or next time. * Give out evaluation forms and make sure you get them back. You fashion know how to improve without feedback. * Never read verbatim from a Power Point presentation.

Determining Validity of Research Framework

Determining Validity of Research Frame temptCHAPTER SEVENFRAMEWORK cogent evidence7.1Introduction This chapter foc traffic patterns on the military rank and validation of the example. The explore inclemency and method deployed to maximise the validity will be discussed in the first part of this chapter. Also, the unfailing fashion model validity will then be discussed. The second part of this chapter will analyse and discuss the results obtained from the paygrade of the frame acetify. The example evaluation has been carried out by academics and fulls practiti unitaryrs and has rated the suitableness and intensity level of the fashion model in the locution sector.7.2 ValidityThe validation process started at the first stage of the look, making current that the research participants, measuring instruments and context were exclusively accomplishing the research aim. A number of writers have contended that validity plentynot be applied to qualitative research. At the same time, have dumb the film for some qualifying check or measure for their research (Golafshani 2003). Clearly there ar no direct experiments validating qualitative research however, this does not imply that there are no guidelines (Patton 1990). Through the stages of this research, the effort has been made to guarantee that (1) the measuring instrument is measuring the concept being referred to and no other concepts and (2) there is an accu compute measurement of the concept (Bailey 1994). The measuring instruments used in the wonder method were the converse questions also the method used in analysing the data collected and building the framework. therefore, it was important to ensure that completely research propositions were suck in and hard-hittingly measured. Also, the method of abbreviation required the provision of right inferences. soft research has often been portrayed by flexibility and uncertainty, and tension in the midst of creativity and rigour. Therefore at the interview analysis and the stages of framework building, a precise compromise was carefully considered (Pyett 2003). The analysis of interviews engaged a deductive process whereby the author was his most trenchant critic (Cook and Campbell 1976, p 229). This is known as inborn validity. However, in this study, an open view picture of validity was used whereby several(predicate) techniques enhanced the analysis and spirit of the go for of association capture and convalescence and prompted more true(p) and valid development of the framework (Golafshani 2003). These methods includedAn in-depth revision of the instruments used for data collection and the method of analysisCarrying out a peer polish up of interviews themes and methods of analysisCarrying out a fender study assessing the language of the questions definitions and terms clarity of the purpose of questions for interviewConstruct a descriptive and relational framework for the interview analysis to make sure there is the consistency of analysis criteria and accurate interpretation and inferences.7.3 External ValidityDeveloping a framework for the capture and retrieval of WLC knowledge in a construction visualise is base on a small number of cases, and does not correspond this framework post be suited and hard-hitting to other construction plaques practising WLC in the construction sector. However, researchers are also interested in the generalisation of the findings beyond the investigated cases (Schwab 1999). The justification for carrying out an in-depth interview is that people involved in a matured practice have knowledge that would somehow or another not be accessible to the researcher. Therefore, it is the prime(prenominal) of the understanding that is vital, instead of the number of respondents who share it (Wainwright 1997).While researching a few cases may accomplish excellent validity by giving a fundamental understanding of the practice in those cases they have been broadly criticised as lacking external validity (De Vaus 2001). The generalising of findings to or across a target population ideal is known as external validity (Pedhazur and Schmelkin 1991). There are no efficient or verifiable methods to carry out external validation based solely on a single examination of a research relationship (Schwab 1999). However, a definitive way to assess the validity of the proposed framework is to test such principles in reality, yet within research practice, this is rarely conceivable (Pyett 2003).Framework testing by the application method, it could take quite a eyepatch before the reasonable judgment of the framework validity could be reached. Regardless of the possibility that this was to take a short time, there would be a wishing to access to a huge sample (representing the industry) and the framework implementation in this sector. However, in this particular case, this was viewed difficult. Nevertheless, a few other methods were able to ampli fy the framework validity in this study as outlinedSelect example case studies governings (of authoritative and beat out practices) from the target population in the interview stage.The pilot study provided a solid ground for understanding the current practice of KM and indeed it was utilised as guiding principles in using the best practice to suit the industry, which boosted the generalising or external framework validity.Looking for the evaluations of the suitability and effectiveness of the framework in the construction sector by experts practitioners and academics.7.4 Framework evaluationTesting the general framework feasibility by applying it to a large number of organisations representing the construction sector have been difficult in this research. The framework evaluation by experts was viewed as another alternative for evaluation. in fact, this method was deemed as take over with regards to risk, finance and value.Assuming that 100 randomly selected organisations are a vocalization sample and the resources required are accessible in those organisations, it would take six months for the testing and implementation of the framework (practically it would take years). However what if the framework did not work? This would mean lost time of 600 months (100 organisation X 6 months) and therefore significant effort. Therefore, in this case, the evaluation method by experts could be deemed the most appropriate method even though the generalise by implement method was deemed possible.The reason for the evaluation method accordingly was not to anticipate that the framework was suitable for the organisation of the participated experts to obtain the experts evaluation in regards to the frameworks suitability in the industry. The suitability of the framework was not seen adequate however because the suitable framework did not necessary means it would add value. Therefore, effectiveness was another criterion the evaluation sought to answer.7.4.1 ParticipantsJ ustificationBased on their go, the suitability and the effectiveness of the framework can be judged by experts by using the right tool techniques, required resources and methods. The time and effort required for the framework implementation can also be estimated and matched with the current practice.The participants involved in the framework evaluation is made up of both groups of experts academic and practitioners. The practitioners are involved with WLC practice in the construction ascertain and therefore have a better understanding of the daily work. Also, their participation in a project which requires WLC practice means they can work with other organisation who practice WLC in the construction sector and can understand the verity of work environments.Also, academics are expected to have a deep understanding of different methodological viewpoints, as they know intimately observation and analysis. hike, the academics rely greatly on the construction industry as a major sourc e of information, so does not imply that they will be isolated. Also, many academics are involved in the practice.SampleA total number of sixteen experts were divided as between the academics and the practitioner who participated in the framework evaluation. The participants year of experience ranges from octet to thirty-eight years, accounting for the total of three hundred and thirteen years of experience. The eight practitioners were from the three case study organisations who participated in the pilot and main interview of the study. The focus on practitioners was on those in the field with experience in WLC practice because they had an in-depth understanding of the WLC practice. Also, participating academics were from four universities in the UK, working in the built environment and information and knowledge management departments.ExpertsJob titleYear of experiencePractitionersOrganisation AProject theatre director35Quantity Surveyor20Building Surveyor7Organisation BQuantity Surveyor6Project Manager33Organisation CCost Estimator15Project Manager27Construction Manager7AcademicsSenior Lecturer12Senior Lecturer30Lecturer6Lecturer7Lecturer25Lecturer25Reader31Reader21Table 7.1 Characteristics of participating experts in the framework evaluationBecause the framework evaluation required a seminar presentation, this process was thought to be long, and it was expected a first rate of response. Therefore, it was trenchant to reach the target of participants by sending invites to a member of staff with the three case study organisations. The total number invitations forwarded was ccc of which 120 were sent to academics and 180 to the three case study organisations.7.4.2 Method of EvaluationEmails was used a tool to invite experts and includedAn overview of the research projectRequest to participate in the evaluation of the framework for the purpose of validityRequest on the best times which suits each of the case study organisation for a 40mins seminar presenta tionThe framework was presented to each case study organisation using Microsoft Office PowerPoint 2007. The presentation was interactive in which participants lessened the explanation charm diagram parts were moved in each presentation slides accordingly. The seminar presentation was arranged into ten slides which took a narrative sequence of logic since it began by clarify the parts of the framework independently and afterwards presented the strategic framework.Figure 7.1 A screenshot of the PowerPoint presentationThe questionnaire was designed and hosted using the online service provider Survey Monkey and consisted of two parts. Firstly, details about participants including name, organisation, job title, business and size of the organisation.secondly, the framework evaluation and this was included in two sectionsScore based questions to the rate the suitability and effectiveness of the developed frameworkSeeking the positions of the participants about the advantages, limitation s and ways of improving the framework.It was decided to present the framework diagrammatically showing the strategic, tactical and cognitive operational levels. The presentation gave a more in-depth description however diagrams were sent to four research students to assess their readability, and the outcomes affirmed that such diagrams could convey the concept and details of the framework if the reader had broad experience in construction management. One of the research students who took part in the pilot study was a medical doctor, dissociated from the construction industry, who found the framework unreadable, Although he has a good understanding of the major concept. Respondents were also sent an attachment of the presentations slides via email.7.5Results 7.5.1Suitability of frameworkParticipants were being asked to show their pass judgment for suitability for each of the parts of the framework where 1 implied unsuitable and 5 suitable. The answer from the analysis uncovered t hat the levels of suitability for all approaches were considered far above the ground.As shown in Table 7.2, 3.74 out of 5 is the lowest mean value for the architecture of the knowledge base. Although it is not indicated in the value that the architecture of knowledge base is a 100% suitable, rather, it shows that it is likely pass to be more suitable than unsuitable. The circumstance with regards to knowledge capture, retrieval and structure approach much better as they all have a sum up of 4 out of 5. The skewness measure has a negative value which shows that the mass of distribution concentrates on the side of suitable. companionship CaptureKnowledge retrievalKnowledge StructureArchitecture of Knowledge BaseNValid16161616Missing0000Mean 3.93754.06254.00003.7500Std. Deviation .85391.85391.894431.00000Skewness -.605-.863-.639-.343Table 7.2 Suitability of the framework componentsFigure 7.2 shows that the majority of the participants gave a 4 or 5 rating of the suitability of all t he framework components. With regards to the architecture of the knowledge base, the suitability was rated under 3 by two participants (i.e. 2). The normal curve illustrates that the approximation of the average of all components some falls in the 4 rate of suitability. All the indications provide evidence that those components are suitable for the construction organisations.7.5.2 force of framework Participants were being asked to show their rating for effectiveness for each of the components of the framework where 1 implied to be ineffective and 5 effective. The mean value of effectiveness for all components as shown is (Table 7.3) are above 3.75 and ranges between 3.87 and 4.18. The skewness measure has a negative value which shows that the mass of the distribution is concentrated on the side of effectiveness.Knowledge CaptureKnowledge RetrievalKnowledge StructureArchitecture of Knowledge BaseNValid16161516Missing0010Mean4.06254.187503.93333.8750Std. Deviation.85391.910586.79881 1.02470Skewness-.863-1.019-.842-.571Table 7.3 Effectiveness of the framework componentsAs shown on the histograms shown in Figure 7.3 shows that the majority of experts participants evaluated all components to a score 4 or 5 rates of effectiveness. Knowledge retrieval thus turns out slightly more effective than the other framework components. The normal curve makes it clear the approximation of the average rate of all components which almost lies in the 4 rate of effectiveness. All the indicators together provide evidence that those components will be effective when implemented.7.5.3The whole Framework SuitabilityExperts participants were asked to indicate their rate of suitability for the entire framework using the same criteria as mentioned above. As shown in Table 7.4, the mean value of suitability (3.93) and the negative value of the skewness measure provide an encouraging indication for the external validity. In Figure 7.5, the pie chart shows that the majority of experts part icipants (62%) rate the suitability 4 out of 5 and the vast majority (81.3%) are either giving the framework a rate of 5 or 4. Furthermore, the histogram in Figure 7.4 shows that only one expert gave a rating of suitability under 3 (i.e. 2). Therefore, the indications of suitability are positive and show that this framework is considered suitable.The Entire Framework SuitabilityNValid16Missing0Mean 3.9375Std. Deviation .77190Skewness -.881Table 7.4 The entire framework suitability7.5.4Effectiveness of the Entire Framework Expert participants were asked to indicate their rate of effectiveness for the entire framework using the same criteria as mentioned above. The mean value (4) and the skewness measure value (negative) which shows that the framework is evaluated to be effective as shown in Table 7.5. A third of the experts participant shows a full mark of effectiveness, and 40% scored the framework a rate of 4 for effectiveness as shown in Figure 7.7. However, as shown in Figure 7.6 , three experts rate it a 3 and one a 2. Nonetheless, the normal curve is pointing to an approximation of effectiveness at the rate of 4. Indications show that the framework is effective.Effectiveness of the Entire FrameworkNValid15Missing1Mean4.0000Std. Deviation.92582Skewness-.623Table 7.5 Effectiveness of the entire framework.7.5.5Experts Opinion about the FrameworkThe expert participants were requested to express their opinion about the framework regarding suitability, effectiveness, advantages and limitations. This could give additional assessment not covered in the closed-ended questions. Twelve of the feedbacks were received and had been listed belowIt looks good to me. The problem is getting it work in practice.Great model and l like it, particularly the knowledge forms and the categorisation. This will help save time when searching for knowledgeI appreciate the overall seminar presentation was good and it covered a lot of the things we do not consider as worth pointing out in our sidereal day to day project delivery implementation.It is very hard to make a judgment on these key issues just on the presentation. However, I am quite shake by the approach to knowledge capture. Although the presentation is great, however, the information, it provides is insufficient.It seems very general.The framework works well in suitability and effectiveness and in use of collaboration tools, intranet tools with knowledge management within organisations. It is essential for a large organisation that staff can find and utilise answers as well as gaining access to the theme matter, experts and sharing information on similar projects and programmes. The advantages are that knowledge is shared rather than lost or protected by individuals. The saying that knowledge is government agency is true of individuals However in organisations that are able and willing to capture knowledge and share this with the wider team rather than isolating it with individual project members. The framework is suitable and effective in many bailiwicks and an insightful and logical structure. There is some duplication, but that would seem to be unavoidable.Leadership support is important, with top-bottom commitment. Co-operation/sharing is not always a natural inclination in individuals.The framework seems to be highly advanced and would require an IT system to enhance its processes and to encourage people to use it. If all members of the organisation are contributing positively to the framework and most of them have the ability to capture, retrieve, and then re-use the captured knowledge, then the system will be for sure highly effective. In reality, I think we share the knowledge sometimes, but even when we do so, we do not document or capture them properly. As a result, we lose whatever we have shared as we cannot capture, structure and re-use all the knowledge captured by only relying on our brain capabilities. We as practitioners need such a framework to assist us to have a better understanding of the knowledge so we can use it appropriately. From an overall point of view, I admire you for this excellent presentation, and it was informative and well structured. We have learned a lot from this insightful presentation about knowledge management. There is no doubt that this framework is needed for business success.Although the framework appears to be complicated on its operational side I am certain that if the KM operation depends on this model, the result will be relevant and highly efficient.The framework makes sense from a project management perspective. However, knowledge capture and retrieval are complex and resource intensive activities and can be onerous to the project team if proper incentives are not aligned with the leaderships expectation of knowledge sharing.I think if your framework is properly applied, it will be extremely effective. Also, it is highly suitable. Regarding its advantages, I think it is simple to read and understand by any psyche who has a basic level of knowledge management and its management.The issues mentioned in the comments can be grouped into four categories Firstly, those which highlight the role of knowledge capture and retrieval.Secondly, those who stock the importance and need for such a framework, due to the awareness of the problem, and thus confirm the motives for this research.Thirdly, indications that the framework may require a huge effort and construction projects already involved in demanding work. This issue has been discussed in the statement of the problem (section 1.4) whereby the problem lies on the capture and not the retrieval side. To minimise the problem, the project review was adopted as the main technique for knowledge capture which already exists in projects, rather than introducing a new approach. Additionally, the daily based reviews were rejected in this research for the same reason. Furthermore, a strategy for motivation has been pinpointed in the framework to ensure the application of knowledge capture.Fourthly and most importantly, a suitable and effective framework will also require careful application and effort. This has been said by several experts, and therefore considered a critical point, because the good theory does not necessary guarantee successful application.Finally, an expert described the framework to be very general. As aIn fact the framework is considering a particular area to investigate, related to knowledge capture and retrieval of project management processes, in the context of the project. Models inside the framework have provided precise details regarding what to do in particular scenarios. Also, knowledge capture and retrieval cannot be tackled in isolation from issues such as.Leadership support and cooperative culture. It is worth mentioning that this expert selected the rating of 2 for all of the 10 rating-based questions which are considered statistically biased. However, it was thought that this academic expe rt provided his personal details and these matched the tracking information. Therefore it was considered a valid response, and his opinion was appreciated. otherwise points were also considered related to the advantages of the framework and impressions about the presentation.7.5.6 Framework ImprovementAnother question was put forward in regards to how the framework can be improved. The feedback from the expert participants are listed belowBy trial and error.The framework can be improved after applicationl did not analyse the presentation critically to make rational input in this directionI would rather read the whole PhD thesis and make my suggestionsWhat issues should be addressed? Profitability, time and teamwork?There is no such thing as ideal knowledge framework. Therefore the knowledge framework can also be improved. Evolvement of a framework can be made by lessons learnt from previous projects receiving constructive criticism and using good management techniques such as benefi ts and stakeholder management. Furthermore being clear about the benefits of knowledge capture and retrieval, with the onward transmittal/access of results by stakeholders, communication and using the framework communication channels for optimum use. The framework is excellent for understanding the needs and requirements of this age, and that knowledge should be shared for the benefit of all within an organisation rather than being kept and possibly lost by the few, when the project team is dissolved or re-assigned.Show an example of how it will operate in practice.Working hand in hand with the IT system which enhances its process and records all captured knowledge after structuring it.The answers can be categorised into four major groupsFirstly, improvement is a continuous process, and the most appropriate way to improve the framework is through the application.Secondly, improvement can be achieved by addressing time, profitability and teamwork which have already been addressed in this study. Profitability is a significant factor that can declare the importance of knowledge capture and retrieval of the project and is, therefore, one of the areas to be embarked upon. However, the development of a model to measure economic profit unsocial is enough to do a research project.Thirdly, the exertion of effort in linking the IT system with knowledge capture and retrieval approaches. The knowledge base is a component of the framework, and there is a need to train people on the use of the knowledge base which links knowledge capture and retrieval approaches.Finally, the use of labels to love between compulsory and optional activities and resources. This has been presented differently in this research as the majority of the activities and resources were thought to be important if knowledge was required to be captured and retrieved successfully. It was decided only to emphasise activities or resources that were suggested but not deemed necessary.7.6Summary This chapter has set out to determine the validity of the framework. It has demonstrated that validity relies on of the inherent validity of the methods of data collection, analysis, and the inferences led to the construction of the framework. Critical in-depth revision, piloting, peer reviews and a fixed framework for analysis were the methods used in this research to maximise its validity.For the purpose of generalising (external validity) the framework, a number of factors were considered early on in this project. These included using a randomly selected sample in the survey choosing a sample of best practice from the target population and comparing the results of best practice with the current practice obtained in the survey to assess the ability of and utilise the solution for the target population. Further steps were taken to test the generalisability of the framework by inviting practitioner and academic experts to evaluate its suitability and effectiveness. The results have indicated th at the framework and its components are applicable and effective.